What Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC says about social-emotional development
Pennsylvania’s early learning framework, the Pennsylvania Learning Standards for Early Childhood (PLSEC), 2024 revision, is the official standards document used by licensed childcare and development programs across the state. Administered by the Pennsylvania Office of Child Development and Early Learning (OCDEL), the PA LSEC defines what healthy development looks like for children from birth through kindergarten entry — and social-emotional development is a core domain of that framework.
The PA LSEC addresses social-emotional development through a set of standards and indicators that capture children’s developmental progress from infancy through kindergarten entry. These indicators are organized to help educators observe, document, and support children’s growth in social-emotional development through intentional, play-based curriculum experiences.
Pennsylvania requires licensed childcare programs to use a curriculum aligned to the PA LSEC and to document children’s developmental progress across all domains. This documentation informs individualized curriculum planning and is evaluated as part of the Pennsylvania’s Keystone STARS quality rating system.
Research consistently shows that strong social-emotional foundations in early childhood predict academic achievement, healthy relationships, and mental wellness across the lifespan. Children who enter kindergarten with solid social-emotional skills are significantly more likely to demonstrate grade-level reading proficiency by third grade.
Developmental milestones
Social-Emotional Development milestones by age group
Understanding where children are developmentally helps educators plan meaningful activities and document progress accurately. These milestones align with Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC indicators and nationally recognized frameworks including NAEYC’s Developmentally Appropriate Practice and the CDC’s Milestone Moments.
| Age group | Key PA LSEC milestones | What educators can do |
|---|---|---|
| Infants Birth–18 months | Responding to caregiver emotions; beginning attachment bonds; early self-soothing attempts; social smiling and turn-taking | Respond warmly and consistently; narrate emotions; maintain predictable routines; use positive touch during care |
| Toddlers 18–36 months | Emerging sense of self; beginning parallel play; expressing frustration and joy; seeking comfort from trusted adults; early empathy | Label emotions throughout the day; support peer interactions; offer limited choices; use co-regulation strategies |
| Preschool 3–5 years | Cooperative play; conflict negotiation; identifying and managing emotions; growing empathy; friendship development; following group rules | Morning Meeting routines; emotion coaching; class problem-solving; visual emotion tools; dramatic play rich in social scenarios |
Curriculum alignment
How Experience Curriculum supports Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC Social-Emotional Development standards
Experience Curriculum builds social-emotional development into every monthly theme through intentional, play-based activities aligned to the PA LSEC. Rather than treating social-emotional development as a separate subject, the curriculum embeds relevant skills into daily activities across every age band — so children are developing across all PA LSEC indicators throughout the day.
Every Experience Curriculum kit ships with a verified alignment to state early learning standards. The downloadable Experience Curriculum Alignment PDF maps each curriculum activity and skill to the specific standard indicator and developmental level it targets — saving teachers significant documentation time.
Social-Emotional Development skills covered
- Self-awareness and emotional recognition
- Self-regulation and impulse control
- Relationship skills and peer interaction
- Responsible decision-making
- Empathy and perspective-taking
- Identity and sense of belonging
How it’s delivered
- Monthly kits with social-emotional skill activities built in
- Morning Meeting guides and circle-time routines
- Emotion vocabulary cards and feeling tools
- Dramatic play scenarios for practicing social skills
- Brightwheel digital documentation tied to state social-emotional standards
- Family take-homes to reinforce SEL at home
Experience Curriculum’s approach to social-emotional development is grounded in peer-reviewed early childhood research and aligns to NAEYC’s Developmentally Appropriate Practice guidelines and the Head Start Early Learning Outcomes Framework. An independent psychometric evaluation found the linked Experience Assessment exceeds standards for validity and reliability across all eight developmental domains.
Skills spotlight
Key social-emotional development skills in the Experience Curriculum framework
Experience Curriculum’s 35-skill framework maps directly to state standard domains. Here are four skills that feature prominently in every age-band kit and align directly to Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC indicators.
Self-Regulation
Managing emotions, impulses, and behavior in developmentally appropriate ways. Developed through predictable routines, co-regulation, and gradual release of emotional scaffolding.
Relationship Skills
Building positive, trusting connections with adults and peers. Strengthened through cooperative activities, Morning Meeting, and guided peer-to-peer interactions.
Emotional Awareness
Identifying and naming emotions in self and others. Built through emotion coaching, picture books, and intentional emotion vocabulary embedded in daily activities.
Empathy
Understanding and responding to others’ feelings. Nurtured through perspective-taking activities, diverse literature, and adult modeling of empathetic responses.
Implementation guidance
Practical tips for embedding social-emotional development into your Pennsylvania program
1. Use consistent daily routines
Predictability is the foundation of self-regulation. When children know what to expect, they can focus their energy on learning rather than managing anxiety. Experience Curriculum kits include detailed daily schedule guides with embedded social-emotional touchpoints.
2. Teach and practice emotional vocabulary explicitly
Children cannot regulate emotions they cannot name. Intentionally teaching feeling words — through books, songs, and in-the-moment coaching — is one of the highest-impact practices for building social-emotional competence.
3. Use co-regulation before self-regulation
Young children cannot regulate on their own — they need calm, regulated adults to co-regulate with them first. Before expecting children to self-calm, offer your own calm presence, validate the emotion, and support them through it.
4. Document in natural moments
Social-emotional assessment is most authentic when captured in naturalistic settings — during outdoor play, transitions, or conflict resolution. Brightwheel’s mobile app makes it easy to capture these moments and tag them to the relevant standard.
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about Pennsylvania PLSEC and social-emotional development curriculum
Related resources
Pennsylvania Language & Literacy standards
Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC Language and literacy domain alignment
Pennsylvania Physical Development standards
Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC Physical development domain alignment
Pennsylvania early learning standards
Overview of Pennsylvania’s PA LSEC framework and all 8 domain alignments
Pennsylvania PA LSEC resource guide
Official PA LSEC resources from the Pennsylvania Office of Child Development and Early Learning (OCDEL)
Experience Curriculum overview
Research-based, state-aligned curriculum delivered to your door every month