Science in early childhood is less about complex formulas and more about fostering a natural sense of wonder. It involves encouraging children to ask questions, observe the world around them, and experiment with how things work. By integrating science into daily routines, educators help children build critical thinking skills, vocabulary, and a lifelong love for learning.
What is science in early childhood education?
Science education for young children focuses on the process of inquiry; exploring, questioning, and testing ideas, rather than just memorizing facts. It aligns with natural developmental milestones where children are already acting as "little scientists" by touching, dropping, and examining objects. Effective early science education supports development across multiple domains, including cognitive, physical, and social-emotional growth.
Why is science important in early years?
Introducing science early lays the foundation for future academic success and cognitive development. It offers several key benefits:
- Promotes critical thinking: Science encourages children to predict, analyze, and solve problems.
- Expands vocabulary: Describing textures, changes in matter (like melting ice), and movements introduces rich descriptive language.
- Supports literacy and math: Measuring ingredients for a recipe or reading books about animals connects science to other core subjects.
- Encourages social skills: Group experiments require cooperation, communication, and sharing.
How to incorporate science into your curriculum
You don't need a lab coat or expensive equipment to teach science. The best learning happens through play and everyday moments.
1. Create a discovery area
Dedicate a space in your classroom for exploration. Fill it with open-ended materials like magnifying glasses, magnets, natural items (pinecones, rocks), and measuring cups.
2. Follow the child's lead
If a child is fascinated by a bug outside, turn it into a lesson. Ask questions like, "How many legs does it have?" or "Where do you think it lives?"
3. Use inquiry-based learning
Encourage children to drive the learning process. Instead of giving answers, ask, "What do you think will happen if...?" This method builds confidence and deeper understanding.
Activities Across Developmental Domains
Use this guide to craft strategies for activities that foster child development across developmental domains.
Assessing science skills in early childhood
Tracking a child's progress in science helps educators tailor their teaching and share growth with families. Tools like Experience Assessment within brightwheel make this process simple and effective.
Using Experience Assessment
Experience Assessment is a research-backed tool that allows educators to document growth across 73 skills, including science. It fits into your existing routines and works with any curriculum.
- Capture Observations: Log moments of discovery, like a child predicting that a heavy rock will sink.
- Track Benchmarks: Monitor progress in scientific inquiry, such as observing and classifying objects.
- Share with Families: Send clear reports to families, showing how their child is developing critical thinking skills.
Recent studies confirm that Experience Assessment provides reliable data across age groups, giving you confidence that you are accurately measuring a child's scientific development.
Frequently asked questions about science in early childhood
Do I need a specific science curriculum to teach preschoolers?
No, you do not need a rigid curriculum. Science can be integrated into play and daily routines using simple materials. However, using a framework like Experience Curriculum can provide structured ideas that align with assessment goals.
How does science support language development?
Science activities introduce new words (e.g., absorb, dissolve, habitat) and encourage children to describe what they see, ask questions, and explain their thinking.
What are some easy science activities for toddlers?
Simple activities include water play (sinking vs. floating), sensory bins with different textures, mixing primary colors with paint, and nature walks to collect leaves or rocks.
How can I involve families in science learning?
Encourage families to cook together (chemistry), garden (biology), or simply observe the weather. You can also use brightwheel to share photos of classroom experiments so families can continue the conversation at home.
